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The Declaration of Independence of the Mexican Empire (), is the document by which the Mexican Empire declared independence from the Spanish Empire. The founding document of the Mexican nation was drafted in the National Palace in Mexico City on September 28, 1821 by Juan José Espinosa de los Monteros, secretary of the Provisional Governmental Board. Three copies of the act were drafted. One copy remained in the Chamber of Deputies until it was destroyed in the fire of the Chamber in 1909. The other copy was stolen and sold in 1830. That copy was recovered by Maximilian I of Mexico and after his execution it was taken out of the country by Agustín Fischer, confessor of the former emperor. Later, the Spanish antiquarian Gabriel Sanchez sold the act to the historian Joaquín García Icazbalceta who retained it and subsequently bequeathed it to his son Luis García Pimentel. García Pimentel sold the act to Florencio Gavito and he stipulated in his will that after his death, the act should be given to the president Adolfo López Mateos. On November 14, 1961 the result of two opinions were given to the president by which it was found that the act is one of the two original drafted in 1821. In November 21, Florencio Gavito Jáuregui gave the act to the president López Mateos. The third copy was owned by the Ruiz de Velasco family for 128 years. This document was passed down through generations from Nicolás Bravo. On August 22, 1987, Pedro Ruiz de Velasco gave the document as a gift to Mexico. Jose Francisco Ruiz Massieu accepted this gift and secured this historical document in the Museo Historico de Acapulco Fuerte de San Diego in Acapulco in the State of Guerrero. The document, 20½ inches wide and 28¾ high, is currently kept at the General Archive of the Nation. ==Background== On September 27, 1821 eleven years and eleven days after the Grito de Dolores, the Army of the Three Guarantees headed by Agustín de Iturbide entered to Mexico City, concluding with that the Mexican War of Independence.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.sedena.gob.mx/index.php/conoce-la-sedena/antecedentes-historicos/sedena/efemerides-del-ejercito-mexicano/septiembre/211-27-de-septiembre-de-1821-consumacion-de-la-independencia )〕 On September 28, Iturbide installed the Provisional Governing Board formed by 38 people. The board was chaired by Antonio Pérez Martínez y Robles and Juan José Espinosa de los Monteros as secretary.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.biblioteca.tv/artman2/publish/1821_124/Discurso_de_Agust_n_de_Iturbide_al_instalar_la_Jun_296.shtml )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.memoriapoliticademexico.org/Efemerides/9/27091821.html )〕 The board immediately proceeded to elect the five members of the Regency of the Empire.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.agn.gob.mx/independencia/fichas/Proclama%20de%20Iturbide%20convoca%20instalacion%20Congreso%20Constituyente.html )〕 On October 13 the same year, Ramon Gutierrez del Mazo, the first political chief of Mexico City published a proclamation with the Declaration of Independence to all the people could read it, especially the courts, governors and military authorities, for them to publish it nationwide.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.sedena.gob.mx/index.php/conoce-la-sedena/antecedentes-historicos/sedena/documentos-historicos/octubre/69-13-oct-1821-bando-del-acta-de-independencia-del-imperio-mexicano-mandado-a-publicar-por-la-soberana-junta-provisional-gubernativa-del-28-sep-1821 )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Declaration of Independence of the Mexican Empire」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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